> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.botbrains.io/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# AI Cold Calling Laws in Poland

> Is AI cold calling legal in Poland? Art. 398 PKE requires prior consent for every marketing call, B2C and B2B. No do-not-call list, plus recording and AI rules.

export const reviewed_0 = "October 2026"

In Poland, an AI agent may only make marketing calls to people and businesses who agreed to them beforehand. Article 398 of the Electronic Communications Law (<span lang="pl">Prawo komunikacji elektronicznej</span>, PKE) sets this opt-in rule for consumers, sole traders, and companies, and it covers calls by a human too. Even a call that only asks for consent counts as marketing. Poland has no do-not-call list, because without consent you can't call at all.

<Note>
  This page summarizes the law as of {reviewed_0} to help you plan AI phone calls. It isn't legal advice. Laws and how regulators apply them change, so check your use case with a lawyer before you start a campaign.
</Note>

## At a glance

| Call | To consumers (B2C) | To businesses (B2B) |
| - | - | - |
| Inbound service call | <Icon icon="circle-check" color="#16a34a" /> Allowed. Disclose the AI and the recording. | <Icon icon="circle-check" color="#16a34a" /> Allowed. Disclose the AI and the recording. |
| Outbound service call | <Icon icon="circle-check" color="#16a34a" /> Allowed | <Icon icon="circle-check" color="#16a34a" /> Allowed |
| Marketing callback the person asked for | <Icon icon="signature" color="#d97706" /> Consent required. A specific callback request counts. | <Icon icon="signature" color="#d97706" /> Consent required. A specific callback request counts. |
| Marketing call by an AI agent | <Icon icon="signature" color="#d97706" /> Consent required. This includes existing customers, because Poland has no soft opt-in. | <Icon icon="signature" color="#d97706" /> Consent required, also for sole traders. This includes existing customers, because Poland has no soft opt-in. |
| Marketing call by a human | <Icon icon="signature" color="#d97706" /> Consent required. This includes existing customers, because Poland has no soft opt-in. | <Icon icon="signature" color="#d97706" /> Consent required. This includes existing customers, because Poland has no soft opt-in. |

## Is AI cold calling legal in Poland?

Only with prior consent. [Art. 398(1) PKE](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20240001221) has applied since November 10, 2024:

> <span lang="pl">"Zakazane jest używanie: 1) automatycznych systemów wywołujących, 2) telekomunikacyjnych urządzeń końcowych \[...] do celów przesyłania informacji handlowej \[...], w tym marketingu bezpośredniego, do abonenta lub użytkownika końcowego, chyba że uprzednio wyraził on na to zgodę."</span>

In English: you may not use automated calling systems or telecommunications terminal equipment to send commercial information, including direct marketing, to a subscriber or end user unless they consented beforehand.

**Businesses count.** The Ministry of Digital Affairs [confirmed in October 2025](https://api.sejm.gov.pl/sejm/term10/interpellations/attachment/ATTDMGHNP/i12337-o1.pdf) that the rule protects sole traders and legal persons such as companies. UODO, the data protection authority, agreed.

**AI agents count.** The PKE doesn't define an automated calling system, but the Supreme Court treated automated IVR voice messages as one ([III SZP 7/15](https://odoserwis.pl/j/858/uchwala-sadu-najwyzszego-izba-pracy-ubezpieczen-spolecznych-i-spraw-publicznych-z-dnia-17-lutego-2016-r)). An AI agent that dials and talks on its own fits that reading. It makes no practical difference, because point 2 covers any phone used for marketing. A human supervising the AI agent doesn't change the answer.

**Asking for consent is marketing.** You can't call to ask whether you may call. The Ministry says UKE and UOKiK decisions confirmed this. In 2026, UOKiK rejected a seller's defense that its calls only arranged appointments ([UOKiK](https://uokik.gov.pl/en/pulling-tricks-like-these-doesnt-pay-off-president-of-uokik-imposes-fines-for-telemarketing-without-consumers-consent)).

## Cold calls by a human

The same rule applies. Art. 398 lists terminal equipment, which includes an ordinary phone, next to automated calling systems. A sales rep who dials a cold list breaks the same rule as an AI agent.

## Existing customers and callback requests

**Existing customers.** Poland has no soft opt-in for calls. Contact details from a contract don't let you call customers about other offers without consent ([Prawo.pl](https://www.prawo.pl/biznes/zgody-marketingowe-i-kontakty-handlowe-co-mowi-prawo-komunikacji-elektronicznej,530981.html)).

**Callback requests.** A person who asks you to call gives consent for that call. Make the request name your company, the phone channel, and the topic, and say that an AI agent may call.

**Service calls.** Art. 398 covers information that promotes goods, services, or your company's image ([Art. 2(2) Act on Electronic Services](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20021441204)). Reminders, delivery updates, and support follow-ups fall outside it. Pitch a product, and the call becomes marketing.

## Do-not-call register: None

Poland has no national do-not-call register. In October 2025 the Ministry said it plans neither a register nor changes to Art. 398.

Keep your own suppression list of people who withdrew consent or objected. UODO accepts such lists based on legitimate interest after a documented balancing test. Use [Guidance](/concepts/guidance) to tell the AI agent how to handle requests to stop calling, and a [Unitool](/concepts/unitools) to write each objection to your CRM.

## Consent for AI calls

| Requirement | What it means |
| - | - |
| Prior | Consent exists before the first call. UOKiK: "first the consumer's consent, then the telephone call." |
| GDPR standard | [Art. 400 PKE](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20240001221) applies GDPR rules: voluntary, specific, informed, unambiguous. No pre-ticked boxes. |
| Named company | Consent names the company that calls, the purpose, and the channel (UODO). |
| Per channel | Phone, email, and text messages each need their own consent. |
| Automated calls | Name AI or automated calls. In III SZP 7/15, UKE found that consent to "automatic voice information systems" didn't cover automated calling systems. |
| Withdrawal | People can withdraw at any time ([GDPR Art. 7](https://gdpr-info.eu/art-7-gdpr/)). Any later marketing call breaks Art. 398. |

You carry the burden of proof, also when a contractor calls for you. The PKE sets no retention period, so keep proof as long as you rely on the consent. Bought lists often fail: UOKiK fined a company whose database consents predated the company itself. Consent collected before November 10, 2024 stays valid if it meets GDPR and PKE standards.

botBrains asks for consent evidence before outbound campaigns. See [Before you start outbound campaigns](/concepts/phone/countries#before-you-start-outbound-campaigns).

## Tell callers they're talking to an AI

Since August 2, 2026, [Article 50 of the EU AI Act](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=OJ:L_202401689#art_50) requires that people know they're talking to an AI system, at the latest when the conversation starts. This applies to inbound and outbound calls, to consumers and to business contacts, and you can't count on the exception for obvious cases when your AI agent sounds human. The [default introduction](/concepts/phone#introductions) already says that your AI agent is an AI, so keep that statement first when you edit it. When you call a consumer to sell something, the [Consumer Rights Directive](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2011/83/oj/eng) also requires you to name your company, anyone you call for, and the commercial purpose at the start.

When you call a consumer to conclude a distance contract, state the purpose, your identity, and on whose behalf you call at the start ([Art. 20(1) Consumer Rights Act](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20140000827)). We found no separate Polish rule on AI disclosure.

Recommended introduction for outbound marketing calls, in Polish:

```text theme={null}
Dzień dobry, tu {agent_name} z firmy {project_name}. Jestem agentem AI, nie człowiekiem. Dzwonię z ofertą handlową, ponieważ zgodził się Pan lub zgodziła się Pani na kontakt telefoniczny od nas. Rozmowa jest nagrywana. Aby sprzeciwić się nagrywaniu, w każdej chwili można nacisnąć gwiazdkę. Jeśli nie chce Pan lub Pani otrzymywać od nas kolejnych telefonów, wystarczy to powiedzieć.
```

For inbound calls:

```text theme={null}
Dzień dobry, tu {agent_name} z firmy {project_name}. Jestem agentem AI. Rozmowa jest nagrywana. Aby sprzeciwić się nagrywaniu, w każdej chwili można nacisnąć gwiazdkę. W czym mogę pomóc?
```

## Call recording

**Criminal law.** [Art. 267 § 3 Criminal Code](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU19970880553) punishes using a listening device to get information you aren't entitled to. As a party to the call, you're entitled to it, and [Art. 386(2) PKE](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20240001221) bans processing call content only for people other than the sender and the recipient. Poland therefore works as one-party consent.

**Data protection.** You still need a lawful basis ([GDPR Art. 6](https://gdpr-info.eu/art-6-gdpr/)) and must tell the caller at the start ([Art. 13](https://gdpr-info.eu/art-13-gdpr/)). Legitimate interest can cover quality and evidence. Pressing the star key stops the recording and discards it, and the transcript stays. A recording only becomes biometric data when you process it to identify a person ([Art. 4(14)](https://gdpr-info.eu/art-4-gdpr/), [Art. 9](https://gdpr-info.eu/art-9-gdpr/)). botBrains stores recordings, transcripts, and call data in the EU.

## Caller ID and calling hours

**Caller ID.** The [Act on Combating Abuse in Electronic Communications](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20230001703) bans CLI spoofing, meaning showing someone else's number to impersonate them, and operators block or hide such calls (Art. 3, Art. 16). Callers see your own botBrains number, and botBrains provisions Polish numbers on request.

**Calling hours.** Neither the PKE nor the Consumer Rights Act sets calling hours. Persistent, unwanted calls urging consumers to buy are an aggressive practice ([Art. 9(3) Unfair Market Practices Act](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20071711206)). botBrains doesn't enforce calling hours, so set them yourself.

## Sector rules

| Sector | Rule |
| - | - |
| Any consumer sale by phone | Confirm the offered contract on a durable medium. The consumer's acceptance only binds once they give it on a durable medium after your confirmation ([Art. 20(2) Consumer Rights Act](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20140000827)). An AI agent can't close a binding consumer sale on the call alone. |
| Energy | Electricity and gas contracts with households signed off-premises are void ([Art. 5(4c) Energy Law](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU19970540348)). Phone sales stay possible under Art. 20(2). UOKiK often fines solar and heat pump telemarketers. |
| Financial services | A voice call may carry reduced pre-contract information only with the consumer's explicit consent (Art. 39 Consumer Rights Act). |

## Fines and enforcement

| Regulator | Enforces | Maximum fine |
| - | - | - |
| UKE, telecommunications regulator | Art. 398 PKE | 3% of prior-year revenue or PLN 1,000,000, whichever is higher ([Art. 446(5) PKE](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20240001221)) |
| UOKiK, consumer authority | Unwanted calls that harm consumers | 10% of prior-year turnover, plus up to PLN 2,000,000 per manager ([Art. 106, 106b](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20070500331)) |
| UODO, data protection authority | Personal data in marketing and recordings | EUR 20 million or 4% of worldwide turnover ([GDPR Art. 83](https://gdpr-info.eu/art-83-gdpr/)) |

| Date | Case |
| - | - |
| September 2026 | UOKiK fined <span lang="pl">Centrum Dotacji OZE</span> PLN 308,728 and its former CEO PLN 100,000 for solar and heat pump calls to bought and generated numbers. Not yet final. |
| July 2023 | UOKiK fined <span lang="pl">Asmanta</span> Call Center about PLN 1.21 million and two managers PLN 250,000 in total. Consultants and call automation software made the calls ([<span lang="pl">Gramwzielone.pl</span>](https://www.gramwzielone.pl/energia-sloneczna/20152627/kara-uokik-za-nekanie-ofertami-na-sprzedaz-fotowoltaiki)). |
| June 2019 | UKE fined <span lang="pl">Koksztys</span> PLN 80,000 for 30,636 marketing calls a contractor made without consent. The client company had to prove consent. |

## Sources

* Electronic Communications Law (Journal of Laws 2024, item 1221), Art. 2, 386, 398, 400, 446: [ISAP](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20240001221)
* Act on Providing Services by Electronic Means, Art. 2(2): [ISAP](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20021441204)
* Consumer Rights Act, Art. 20, 39: [ISAP](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20140000827)
* Unfair Market Practices Act, Art. 9(3): [ISAP](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20071711206)
* Competition and Consumer Protection Act, Art. 106, 106b: [ISAP](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20070500331)
* Criminal Code, Art. 267: [ISAP](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU19970880553)
* Act on Combating Abuse in Electronic Communications, Art. 3, 16: [ISAP](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20230001703)
* Energy Law, Art. 5(4c): [ISAP](https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU19970540348)
* GDPR, Art. 4, 6, 7, 9, 13, 83: [gdpr-info.eu](https://gdpr-info.eu/)
* Ministry of Digital Affairs, reply to interpellation 12337 with UKE and UODO positions, October 13, 2025: [Sejm](https://api.sejm.gov.pl/sejm/term10/interpellations/attachment/ATTDMGHNP/i12337-o1.pdf)
* UOKiK, press release on telemarketing without consent, September 9, 2026: [UOKiK](https://uokik.gov.pl/en/pulling-tricks-like-these-doesnt-pay-off-president-of-uokik-imposes-fines-for-telemarketing-without-consumers-consent)
* UKE, press release on marketing calls without consent, June 28, 2019: [UKE](https://uke.gov.pl/en/newsroom/the-president-of-uke-imposed-a-penalty-on-koksztys-s-a-for-conducting-direct-marketing-activities-without-users-consent,193.html)
* Supreme Court resolution III SZP 7/15, February 17, 2016: [<span lang="pl">ODO Serwis</span>](https://odoserwis.pl/j/858/uchwala-sadu-najwyzszego-izba-pracy-ubezpieczen-spolecznych-i-spraw-publicznych-z-dnia-17-lutego-2016-r)
* UOKiK fine for solar telemarketing, July 2023: [<span lang="pl">Gramwzielone.pl</span>](https://www.gramwzielone.pl/energia-sloneczna/20152627/kara-uokik-za-nekanie-ofertami-na-sprzedaz-fotowoltaiki)
* Marketing consent under the PKE: [Prawo.pl](https://www.prawo.pl/biznes/zgody-marketingowe-i-kontakty-handlowe-co-mowi-prawo-komunikacji-elektronicznej,530981.html)

## Next steps

<Columns cols={2}>
  <Card title="Phone integration" icon="phone" href="/concepts/phone">
    Set up your phone line, introductions, and outbound calls.
  </Card>

  <Card title="Calling laws by country" icon="globe" href="/concepts/phone/countries">
    Compare consent rules for AI calls across the EU, the UK, and the US.
  </Card>
</Columns>


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